ROTOR TONI: 4/1/07

Abreviaturas

Abbreviation	Expansion	Application
ANA	U.S. Army-Navy Aircraft specification	Peacetime colors after 1939. QM and Navy specifications used for stocked camouflage colors until after 1942.
BS	British Standard 381c (1945)	RAF/FAA colors after 1945.
FS	U.S. Federal Standard 595a (rpt. 1974)	Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine, and Coast Guard colors, 1960s?-
M	USN specification	Pre-1942
MH	Methuen Handbook of Color	A hard-to-find, widely mentioned, commercial reference, published in the UK.
QM	U.S. Army Quartermaster Corp Specification 3-1	USAAC/USAAF colors, 1919-1943)
~	approximates	When used with a color specification (i.e. ~FS30279)
/	or	When used with a color specification (i.e. FS30279/30282)
?	possibly	When used with a color specification (i.e. FS30279?)
-	indicates a range of values (i.e. FS30279-30282)	When used with a color specification (i.e. FS30279/30282)
+/	darker, lighter	When used with a color specification (i.e. FS30279+, darker than FS30279)
+B/ B	more/less blue	When used with a color specification (i.e. FS30279+B)
+G/ G	more/less green	When used with a color specification (i.e. FS30279 G)
+R/ R	more/less red	When used with a color specification (i.e. FS30279+R)
< / >	before/after	When used with dates
n/a	not applicable	When used with a color specification
C	cyan	In process-color (CMYK) color models
M	magenta	In process-color (CMYK) color models
Y	yellow	In process-color (CMYK) color models
K	black	In process-color (CMYK) color models

United Kingdom

Color	Country	MH	FS	BS	C	M	Y	K	Circa	Notas de Uso
PC10	UK	__	10118	__	58	68	92	14	1916-19	superfície superior, cimas temperados
PC12	UK	__	10117	__	0	21	35	58	1916-19	superfície superior, climas tropicais
NIVO	UK	19-24E/F2, 27F3	34159, 36152, 36165	__	0-4	0	4	69	1917-37	aviação de combate noturno, todas as superfícies
aircraft grey-green	UK	27D3	__	283	38	35	44	5	after 1940	interior de cockpits
dark earth	UK	5E/F4	30118	450	60	72	82	0	1937-60s	superfície superior
dark green	UK	30F/G2	34079	641	13	8	20	68	1937-60s	superfície superior
sky	UK	25A2	34504-	210	11	5	13	2	1940-60s	superficie inferior
light earth	UK	5C4-6	30257	__	0	20	41	28	1939-41	areas sombreadas, superfícies superiores (biplanos)
light green	UK	26-27D/E4	34172	__	15	8	20	43	1939-41	areas sombreadas, superfícies superiores (biplanos)
deep sky	UK	21E6	35177?	__	26	13	0	45	1940-45	Altas altitudes caças e bombardeiros
middle stone	UK	4D7?	30266	__	0	15	46	40	1940-60s	deserto superfície superior, with dk. earth
azure	UK	20A3?	35231	__	12	10	0	11	1940-60s	deserto superficie inferior
PRU blue	UK	23E4?	35189	636	9	3	0	37	1941-60?	reconhecimento(WW2); aviação tática, lado de baixo(1950s)
PRU mauve	UK	18E4?	27144 r?	__	66	63	36	2	1943-45	reconhecimento de baixo nível, lado debaixo
Mediterranean blue, dark	UK	21E/F6	25053?	__	23	10	0	58	1942	reconhecimento de baixo nível, Teatro Mediterrâneo
Camotint pink	UK	14/15A2	31668?	__	0	15	14	1	1939-45	reconhecimento de baixo nível
ocean grey	UK	23E3	36152/36187	__	2	0	0	59	after 1941	caça superfície superior
sea grey, dark	UK	21E3	36173	638	4	1	0	59	after 1939	fighter/strike superfície superior
sea grey, extra dark	UK	21F3	36118	640	4	2	0	68	after 1939	marinha superfície superior
sea grey, medium	UK	22D3	36270	637	4	0	0	44	after 1941	caça superficie inferior, caça-noturno surfaces
slate grey, light	UK	26E3	34159	__	47	43	50	10	1939-45	marinha superfície superior
slate grey, dark	UK	26F1	34096	__	47	50	50	20	1939-45	marinha superfície superior
sky grey	UK	M	36463	__	0	0	0	28	1939-45	marinha superficie inferior
roundel blue	UK	20E8	35056	110	81	63	47	9	1914-1937, after 1946	insignia
roundel red	UK	10C6	31105	__	30	80	77	0	1914-1937, after 1946	insignia
roundel yellow	UK	4A8	33538	__	0	43	100	0	1937-41	outlines of roundels, avião camuflado (on fuselage only, 1938-)
roundel blue, dull	UK	20F5	35044	__	10	7	0	67	1941-46	insignia
roundel red, dull	UK	8D7	30109	__	0	60	60	40	1941-46	insignia
roundel red, pale	UK	10B4	__	__	49	21	1	12	1950s-60s	antiflash insignia, nuclear strike
roundel blue, pale	UK	22A5	35488	__	46	14	0	15	1950s-60s	antiflash insignia, nuclear strike

United States

Color	Country	MH	FS	QM	M	ANA	C	M	Y	K	Circa	Usage notes
zinc-chromate	USA	1B8 / 4A8	33481?	n/a	n/a	n/a	0 - 2	99	27 - 65	43 - 47	after 1930	aluminum primer/sealer, non-cockpit areas
interior green	USA	29D7?	34258? / 34151 R	n/a	n/a	611	6	0	41	37	after 1941	Cockpit/cabin interiors.
"chrome" yellow	USA	4A8	13432	04	n/a	n/a	0	42	100	0	1924-43	USAAC flying surfaces and ID markings.
ID yellow	USA	3B8	33538	48	M	ANA	0	29	100	3	1920-45	USN flying surfaces to 1942. USAAF markings after 1943. USN trainers.
light blue	USA	MH	35109	23	n/a	22A5	36	11	0	19	1928-42	USAAC fuselages (trainers only <1934, all types after 1934)
olive drab	USA	1F7	30118	22	n/a	613	0	5	15	69	1920-39	Tactical aircraft, todas as superfícies
OD green	USA	30F6	34087	31 & 41	n/a	613	0	0	9	69	1939-53	Camouflaged superfície superior, antiglare panels
medium green	USA	28F6	34092	42	n/a	612	8	2	12	71	1939-45?	Breaking up outlines of olive-drab superfície superior.
neutral grey	USA	22E3	36173	32 & 43	n/a	603	5	2	0	58	1939-53	superficie inferior.
flight blue (synthetic haze)	USA	22C6	35190	n/a	n/a	n/a	42	21- 25	8	25	1943-44?	Photo-reconnaissance, sprayed over sky base blue
sky base blue (synthetic haze)	USA	21C8	15123+	n/a	n/a	n/a	46	20	0	40	1943-44?	Photo-reconnaissance, undercoat for flight blue
nonspecular blue-grey	USA	none	35189	n/a	485	ANA	18	6	1	50	1941-42	superfície superior, USN/USMC aircraft.
nonspecular light grey	USA	MH	36440	n/a	495	ANA	0	0	1	23	1940-42	USN/USMC aircraft, todas as superfícies 1940-41, superficie inferior 1941-42
semigloss sea blue	USA	19F8++	25042	n/a	n/a	606	22	22	0	78	1945-58	todas as superfícies, USN/USMC aircraft.
non-specular sea blue	USA	20F8	35045	n/a	n/a	607	15	9	0	71	1943-44	superfície superior, USN/USMC/USCG aircraft.
intermediate blue	USA	21D4	35164	n/a	n/a	608	18	8	0	44	1943-44	Vertical surfaces, USN/USMC/USCG aircraft.
gull grey, dark	USA	22C2	36231	n/a	n/a	621	5	2	0	32	1942-	superfície superior, Atlantic ASW aircraft, USAAF/USN.
insignia white	USA	MH	37880 / 37886	46	n/a	601	0	1	3	0	1942-85	Insignia. superficie inferior, USAAF Atlantic ASW aircraft and USN.
gull grey, light	USA	22B2	36440	n/a	n/a	620	6	2	2	20	after 1956-85	superfície superior, USN (with insignia white).
emerald green	USA	27F8	14109?	n/a	n/a	n/a	100	61	66	0	1962-66	COIN avião, superfície superior (high gloss)
dark green	USA	27F8	34079	n/a	n/a	n/a	5	0	10	70	1968-78	USAF Sudeste da Asia (SEA) esquema
olive-drab green	USA	27E8?	34102	n/a	n/a	n/a	0	1	20	56	1968-78	USAF SEA esquema
tan	USA	6C4	30219	n/a	n/a	n/a	0	19	31	33	1968-78	USAF SEA esquema
TAC grey	USA	1B1	36622	n/a	n/a	n/a	0	5	9	13	1968-78	USAF SEA esquema, undersides
engine grey	USA	20F2	16081	QM	M	ANA	6	1	0	75	1940-78?	USN helicópteros, drone controle
flag blue	USA	MH	15044	24	M	n/a	25	22	0	70	1919-39	USAAC/USN insignia
flag red	USA	12C7	11105	15	M	n/a	23	100	65	13	1919-39	USAAC/USN insignia
insignia blue	USA	19F8++	25042	n/a	n/a	605	22	22	0	78	1939-43	USAAF/USN insignia.
insignia red	USA	10C/D8	31136	45	M	618	0	100	50	34	1939-43	USAAF/USN insignia

Germany

Color	Country	MH	FS	RLM	RAL	C	M	Y	K	Circa	Usage notes
grey	Germany	27D/E2	24159--/24226-	02	--	36	23	39	0	1930s-45	primer, cockpits (before 1942-43), wheel wells; overall on training, utility, and marine types
yellow	Germany	4A/B8; 4B8	23538	04	--	1	53	95	0	1930s-45	tactical/unit/ fuel-grade markings, theater markings (Balkans and Eastern Front), marine trainers
cream	Germany	3A/B2	23618/23722	05	--	4	8	26	0	pre-1939	overall, gliders/sailplanes
white	Germany		27780	21	--	1	1	4	0	1930s-45	markings
black	Germany		27038	22	--	0	0	0	98	1930s-45	markings, night camouflage (fighters: overall before 1942, undersurfaces only, 1944-45; bombers: undersurfaces)
red	Germany	9A/B8	21302	23	--	10	99	96	0	1930s-45	tactical/unit markings, pre-1939 national markings
dark blue	Germany	21F5/6; 21E/F7	25053 (25109)	24	--	89	66	51	14	pre-1939	tactical/unit markings, prototype airframes pre-1939
light green	Germany	25D7/8	24223	25	--	75	27	70	0	1930s-45?	tactical/unit markings
brown	Germany	7/8E/F8	20091/20109	26	--	69	100	90	0	1930s-45?	miscellaneous
yellow	Germany	5B/C7	23481/23434+Y	27	--	2	36	93	0	1930s-45	theater markings
wine-red	Germany	11D7/8	20109?	28	--	54	100	80	0	1930s-45	walkways, trim tabs
medium grey	Germany	24D2	36463 (36440)	41	--	38	26	33	0	1930s-42	interiors, instrument panels, primer
dark brown	Germany	6F4/5	20045/20099	61	--	71	80	82	35	1930s-38	camouflage, upper-surface splinter with 62 and 63
green	Germany	27E/F3	34128 (greyer)	62	--	55	41	56	2	pre-1939	camouflage, upper-surface splinter with 61 and 63
light green-grey	Germany	1/2B/C2	26400/26559	63	--	12	10	17	0	pre-1939	camouflage, upper-surface splinter with 61 and 63 or overall on fighters
light blue	Germany	~21/22A2	35526/35550	64	--	7	1	4	6	pre-1939	undersurface camouflage
light blue	Germany	22A/B2?	25414/25622	65	--	11	1	7	12	1938-45	undersurface camouflage (with 70/71 superfície superior)
black-grey	Germany	21F1/2	36081+	66	--	67	55	53	50	1930-45	cockpits after 1942-3, armor plate
dark olive green	Germany	~28F7	34127/34151	67	--	14	0	46	74	1939-42?	tropical camouflage
light olive green	Germany	~28E6	34258	68	--	14	0	58	52	1939-42?	tropical camouflage
light tan	Germany	~4A3	23594	69	--	3	20	48	1	1939-42?	tropical camouflage
black-green	Germany	28B2; 28G2	24052; 14056	70	--	90	61	75	69	1938-45	upper-surface camouflage with 71 (65/22 undersurfaces), propellor blades
dark green	Germany	29/30F3	34079	71	--	87	64	91	49	1938-45	upper-surface camouflage with 70 (65/22 undersurfaces)
green	Germany	25G3; 26F3	24056; 14050	72	--	77	54	81	62	1938-45	marinha camouflage, superfície superior with 73 (65 undersurfaces)
green	Germany	25E/F3	24077; 14056-	73	--	87	64	91	59	1938-45	marinha camouflage, superfície superior with 72 (65 undersurfaces)
dark grey-green	Germany	21E/F3; 26F2	36081 +G	74	--	66	44	67	64	1942-45	fighter camouflage, superfície superior with 75 (76 undersurfaces)
grey-violet	Germany	23D2/3; 22F2	26118; 26152/26173	75	--	15	5	0	60	1942-45	fighter camouflage, superfície superior with 74 (day) or 76 (night) and 76 undersurfaces
light blue	Germany	~24A2	25526	76	--	11	1	8	14	1942-45	fighter camouflage, undersurfaces (with 74/75 or 81/82 superfície superior), overall (high-altitude and night)
light grey	Germany	30C1/2	26493	77	--	0	1	7	10	1942-45	lettering, toned-down national markings (with 22)
sky blue	Germany	23B4	35352	78	--	12	6	9	17	1942-45	tropical camouflage, undersurfaces (with 79/80 superfície superior)
sand yellow	Germany	4/5D6, 6/7C/D4	20219 (30252)	79	--	0	40	64	40	1942-45	tropical camouflage, superfície superior with or without 80 (78 undersurfaces)
olive green	Germany	4F8, 29F6	34096+	80	--	0	8	98	90	1942-45	tropical camouflage, superfície superior (with 79)
brown-violet	Germany	6E4/5; 5F6/7	30099/30118	81	--	64	78	83	18	1944-45	fighter camouflage, superfície superior (with 82)
dark green	Germany	27/28E8; 3/4F3?	30496*/34102	82	--	67	45	88	67	1944-45	fighter camouflage, superfície superior (with 81)
light green	Germany	~26E/F	34128*/34138	83	--	82	55	87	24	1944-45	fighter camouflage with 81
yellow green	Germany	~26D4	34227	99	--	44	23	64	14	1943?-45	primer, fasteners
yellow-olive	Germany	--	34087(24064)	--	6014	0	2	5	80	1960s-present	upper-surface camouflage
basalt-grey, powder-grey	Germany	--	26152	--	7012	5	2	0	65	1960s-present	upper-surface camouflage
silver-grey	Germany	--	36375	--	7001	5	0	0	26	1960s-present	superficie inferior of avião camuflado

France

Note: sources indicate that French colors might
have a number of values, depending on the degree of fading and the
batch the paint came from. This has been indicated in the color chips.

Color	Country	MH	FS	C	M	Y	K	Circa	Usage notes
terre de sienne	France	3F4 (fades to 22E8)	24087 (fades to 30118)	0 (0)	5 (9)	14 (23)	68 (52)	1918-35	a khaki-brown akin to PC10: all fabric surfaces
vert protective	France	25/26E/F7	14108	13	0	5	67	1930-38	transparent: interiors, primer
vert tableau	France	24/25F6	24058	11	0	1	75	1930-38	opaque: topcoat, todas as superfícies; exterior metal primer
gris bleu fonce	France	21E3 (faded to 23E4)	26118 (faded to 36176)	15 (12)	8 (8)	0 (0)	53 (46)	1938-44	superfície superior, segmented camouflage
kaki	France	4F4 (faded to 3F4)	24091 (faded to 24087)	0 (0)	5 (4)	15 (12)	78 (67)	1938-44	superfície superior, segmented camouflage
brun (chocolat)	France	8F4-7F5 (faded to 6F5)	20099-20059 (faded to 20108)	0 (0)	7 (9)	10 (11)	82 (74)	1938-44	superfície superior, segmented camouflage
brun fonce	France	6F5-6E8	20108-20117	0	22	28	66	1938-44	superfície superior, segmented camouflage
vert fonce	France	30F/G2, 30F4	24079, 24096	0, 0	0, 2	2, 5	73, 73	1938-44	superfície superior, segmented camouflage
ombre calcin‚e	France	5E/F4, 7E5	20118, 20111	0/0, 0	5/11, 18	9/23, 24	76/51, 58	1938-44	superfície superior, segmented camouflage
gris bleu clair	France	24D3-23D3	25189-25237	11	7	0	34	1938-44	superficie inferior, cockpits
noir	France	--	27056	0	0	0	90	1935-45	insignia, superficie inferior
bleu	France	22E8	15090/25090	49	26	0	51	1935-45	insignia
blanc	France	--	27780	0	2	1	0	1935-45	insignia
rouge	France	11C8	21106	0	62	58	32	1935-45	insignia
jaunce	France	4/5A8	23538	0/0	42/58	98/99	0/0	1938-44	markings

Italy

Color	Country	MH	FS	--	C	M	Y	K	Circa	Usage notes
giallo mimetico 3	Italy	5C7	33434	--	0	14	42	24	1930s-1941	camouflage, superfície superior (in mottled and segmented esquemas)
grigio azzurro chiaro 1	Italy	28D2	36307	--	1	0	2	45	1938-1945?	camouflage, undersides of flying surfaces
marrone mimetico 53193	Italy	7E5	30140	--	0	11	15	58	1930s-1941	camouflage, superfície superior (in mottled and segmented esquemas)
nocciola chiaro 4	Italy	6D4	30219	--	0	7	14	52	1941-1945?	segmented camouflage, superfície superior
verde anticorrosione	Italy	28D4	34558	--	8	0	10	18	1930s?-1945?	interiors, primer
verde mimetico 2	Italy	27F4	34092	--	5	0	1	71	1930s-1941	camouflage, superfície superior (in mottled and segmented esquemas)
verde mimetico 3	Italy	29F8	34102	--	3	0	7	68	1930s-1941	camouflage, superfície superior (in mottled and segmented esquemas)
verde mimetico 53192	Italy	28D5	34227	--	11	0	11	48	1930s-1941	camouflage, superfície superior (in mottled and segmented esquemas)
verde oliva scuro 2	Italy	28F3	34052	--	1	0	2	76	1930s-1941	camouflage, superfície superior (overall and segmented esquemas)

Poland

Color	Country	MH	FS	Pol. Ref.	C	M	Y	K	Circa	Usage notes
khaki	Poland	--	30108	--	0	7	9	71	1922?-1939	camouflage, superfície superior (overall and in segmented esquemas)
grey-blue	Poland	--	35526	--	12	4	0	23	1939	camouflage, undersides of flying surfaces
ochre	Poland	--	33245	--	0	9	30	30	1939	segmented camouflage, superfície superior
light olive	Poland	--	34151	--	0	0	6	64	1939	segmented camouflage, superfície superior
dark olive	Poland	--	34097	--	4	0	10	82	1939	segmented camouflage, superfície superior

Sweden

Color	Country	MH	FS	Swedish Ref. #	C	M	Y	K	Circa	Usage notes
dark green	Sweden	30F/G2	34079/34086/34096	--	13	8	20	68	1940-60s	all superfície superior (all types 1940-46, attack aircraft and transports to 1960s)
dark olive green	Sweden	26F3	34086	325M	3	0	3	67	1960s-1990s	superfície superior: segmented camouflage (fighters), splinter camouflage (attack aircraft, helicopters, transports)
blue-grey	Sweden	23F2	26329	058M	12	7	0	33	1940s-1990s	superficie inferior of green- and splinter-avião camuflado, superfície superior of grey-camouflaged fighters